
Define the boundaries of the conversation BEFORE you start talking.
Reporters contact sources close to an event to get more details and peek behind the scene.
In developing their news story, they are guided by the four principles of the Society of Professional Journalists:
- Seek truth and report it
- Minimize harm
- Act independently
- Be accountable and transparent.
In most instances, reporters will identify their sources, as a way to confirm that what they write is true.
From your perspective, you usually wish to be quoted by name in the press. Nonetheless, there may be other times when you want to see some aspect of the situation mentioned in the news, yet you prefer to be anonymous.
Although I counsel clients to speak with reporters on the record, there are other gradations to media interviews. Keep in mind the reporter must agree, in advance, to talk with you on that basis.
Follow these guidelines, accordingly.
- On the Record: This is the standard media interview setting. Everything you say, plus whatever you communicate by email or text, is on the record. It may be quoted and attributed to you by name and your connection to the situation, for example, Barbara Sands, Vice President, Acme Corporation.
- On Background/Anonymous/Not for attribution: When the reporter agrees in advance, the information you discuss is available for publication. However, you, as a source who is directly connected to the situation, remain unnamed. You are cited generically as a person familiar with the matter or an executive/spokesperson at the organization. Many reporters will go on to find corroboration, either from another source on background or someone who is willing to be quoted.
- Off the Record: This approach works best when you wish to convey complex or intimate aspects important for the reporter to understand the bigger picture. Note that the details and your name are not to be made public. The reporter cannot share the information with any other source. However, they are now better equipped to find someone else who may be willing to speak on the record.
Note: You cannot jump back and forth between these three approaches, unless the reporter agrees to abide by such a constraint.
- Embargo: You brief the reporter in advance of a certain date, granting them time to conduct more research and write their news story. The reporter agrees to hold the news story and not publish it before the stated date.
As you might expect, the reporting relationship works smoothly when both parties are in agreement in advance of their conversation.
This Month’s Tip
What about an exclusive? When you have news that you believe will set the world on fire, you may wish to offer an exclusive opportunity to a reporter. You contact the journalist in advance of a major announcement and offer them the chance to get ahead of their competitors. This gives the reporter ample time to develop a detailed news article. The best practice is to set a deadline for their response; this approach will free you to contact another reporter in the event of a turndown or non-reply.
Contact
When preparing for your next media interview, consider on which basis you will speak, if not completely on the record. Contact me at Janet@JanetLFalk.com, set an appointment here or call me at 347.256.9141. Together, we’ll consider when it may be appropriate for you to speak on background or go off the record.
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